The Flow of Air Through Capillary Tubes

Dual-Controlled Indirect Cooling Refrigerator/Freezer Using Two Capillary Tubes and an Air Flow Switching System

The dual~controlled refrigeration system is devised to enhance the energy efficiency and basic performance of an indirect cooling household refrigerator/freezer. In order to alternately serve the fresh food and freezer compartment with a conventional simple refrigeration cycle, two capillary tubes and on/off valves are adopted. The air flow switching system, which is composed of two fans and da...

Automated polymerase chain reaction in capillary tubes with hot air.

We describe a simple, compact, inexpensive thermal cycler that can be used for the polymerase chain reaction. Based on heat transfer with air to samples in sealed capillary tubes, the apparatus resembles a recirculating hair dryer. The temperature is regulated via thermocouple input to a programmable set-point process controller that provides proportional output to a solid state relay controlli...

Rating Charts of R-22 Alternatives Flow through Adiabatic Capillary Tubes

Drop-in of R-22 alternatives in refrigeration and air conditioning systems requires a redesign of system components to improve system performance and reliability with the alternative refrigerants. The present paper aims at design adiabatic capillary tubes for R-22 alternatives such as R-417A, R-422D and R-438A. A theoretical model has been developed and validated with the available experimental...

Experimental Studies on Non-Adiabatic Flow of HFC-134a Through Capillary Tubes

Flow of liquids through collapsible tubes.

Liquid flowing through a thin-walled "collapsible" tube similar to a vein, inclined to any angle between vertical and slightly above horizontal, differs from the flow in rigid tubes in that: a "collapsible" tube accepts any flow presented to it without affecting the rate of flow through the system; the lateral pressure at all cross sections throughout the tube is zero and does not change as the...